2001 Volume 41 Issue Suppl Pages S36-S41
Currently, there is a strong demand for development of innovative steel-making processes, because the energy saving is a key issue for global environment and sustainable development of human society. In order to match such a demand, we should grasp the problems and issues on the current processes without any prejudice. In this paper, we review process elements available for such innovative steel-making processes and discuss the process images.