Comparing the Effectiveness of 1064 vs. 810 nm Wavelength Endovascular Laser for Chronic Venous Insufficiency (Varicose Veins)

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Background and Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of Endovenous Laser Photocoagulation (EVLP) at wavelengths of 1064 nm versus 810 nm for chronic venous insufficiency (varicose veins) in a large series of patients.
Study Design/Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 108 patients with chronic venous insufficiency treated over a 8-year period. Subjects' ages ranged between 16 to 79 years; there were 83 females and 25 males, all of whom were Asian. Patients (n=54) received EVLP at wavelengths of 1064 nm (EVLP-1064 nm), Nd:YAG laser. Subsequent patients (n=54) received 810 nm (EVLP-810 nm), Diode laser. The primary efficacy measurement was the quantitative assessment of final outcome for 1064 nm versus 810 nm. Patients were monitored for adverse effects as well.
Results: Complications were observed at 3 weeks (early), 6 weeks (late) and 6 months after EVLP. In both groups, the commonest complication in early convalescence was swelling. This was followed by Local paraesthesia, pigmentation, superficial burns, superficial phlebitis, and localized hematomas. At 6 weeks postoperatively, local paraesthesia, persistent hyperpigmentation, and minimal scarring were presented. These problems all disappeared completely after the 6 months study period. Based on chi-squared analysis, there were clinical, and statistically significant differences in the severity score of final results favoring the EVLP-810 nm group.
Conclusion: All patients achieved good or excellent improvement after EVLP-1064nm and EVLP-810nm. However, the difference of final outcome was significant, and indicates that improvement was greater in the Diode group. Further studies of different wavelengths and optimization of cryogen spray cooling (CSC) may lead to improved results in the eradication of varicose veins.