Abstract
We report a case of myelolipoma arising from the posterior mediastinum in a 67-year-old man with an abnormal shadow detected on routine chest radiograph. Chest radiograph showed a right mediastinal mass shadow without a silhouette sign of the heart. Chest computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a well circumscribed tumor with fat and soft tissue components adjacent to the 8th to 10th thoracic vertebrae, suggesting mediastinal liposarcoma. We performed complete resection of the tumor. Macroscopically, it was a 53×38×25-mm solid tumor. Histologically, the tumor had a thin fibrous capsule and was composed of focal hematopoietic elements and mature adipocytes. We diagnosed it as a myelolipoma. We report a rare case of mediastinal myelolipoma, and review 15 cases reported over the past two decades.
