2015 Volume 29 Issue 6 Pages 694-699
We present a 77-year-old male patient in whom posterior mediastinal masses were incidentally detected on chest CT during treatment for pneumonia. Chest CT showed well-circumscribed mass shadows with soft tissue attenuation in the bilateral thoracic vertebral area. A tumor with a diameter of 30×15 mm in the right eighth intercostal space was the largest. Chest MRI revealed a slightly high-intensity area in T1-weighted images. We considered the possibility of a neurogenic tumor due to the location, so we performed thoracoscopic biopsy for a diagnosis. Postoperative pathological examination showed that the tumor was composed of a number of hematopoietic elements, including bone marrow megakaryocytes in adipose tissue. We diagnosed it as a myelolipoma. Multiple mediastinal myelolipoma is very rare, and so we reviewed the literature for the past 24 years and report it along with our case.
