一党優位制下の不満政党

スウェーデン新民主党と日本新党の盛衰

抄録

At the beginning of 1990s new political parties were born in two countries that had one-party dominant regimes. New Democracy in Sweden won 25 seats of 349 and 6, 73% of the voter in the 1991 general election, and the Japan New Party won 35 of 511 and 8, 0% in the 1993 general election. They could succeed only short after they were made. But they made hasty exits. New Democracy got only 1, 23% of the voter and no seat in the next 1994 election, while the New Japan Party dissolved itself and made another new party, the New Frontier Party.
Why did they experience the rise and fall in a short term? This article answers this question in terms of ‘discontent political party’. First it is clarified what characteristics the voters to the new parties had. Second the conditions under which the new parties could have enough support to enter the Riksdag or the Diet are examined; concretely, what the discontent of the electorate was under one-party dominant regimes, the preconditions in which the electorate would vote to a different party from one in a previous election and the ability of new parties to absorb discontent. Last it is discussed what the discontent with discontent parties was, which enforced the parties to loose their high support.