GUÜN FANG LING (_??__??__??_) AND FÊNG SUI (_??__??_) SYSTEM

Abstract

It has been alleged in some quarters that Fêng Sui system in Gumboryo of Japan has nothing to do with Chün Fang Ling in T'ang, but that it was merely modelled after the Ping pu shih in T'ang. There is no reason, however, why it should not have been modelled after Chün Fang Ling.
In this paper you will find this point made clear in the light of the inter-relations existing between "Lei" and "Shiki", and also of the comparison between the then Japanese Army Defence System (Gumboryo in Japan) and Chun Fang Ling.
In China in the days gone by, the frontiers of the country were guarded by the special structures built for the purpose. On these structures were usually placed piles of fuel. When the enemies tried to invade, the fuel was burnt so that all those concerned in the defence of the frontier-lines might learn what was taking place by looking at the big flame. This method of defending the frontier-lines is what is know as "Fêng".
The very act of letting them know that the enemy was invading by means of the big volumes of smoke rising up from the defence-structures is known as "Sui". Accordingly "Sui" was resorted to by day and "Fêng" by night.