Transformation of the Ecological Functions of Soil in the Coal Mining Regions of Kuzbass

抄録

It has now been found that soil, being at the junction of all the geospheres of the earth, is a unique node of ecological links with numerous global functions. Soil disturbance, as surely as a gap in the links between geospheres, leads to significant changes in the functioning of natural ecosystems.It is especially noticeable in regions with intensive development of mining industry. In these areas there is a transformation of basic soil-ecological functions and replacing of the native landscapes into natural-technogenic complexes. In addition technogenic desertification processes occur over large areas and it leads to a radical transformation of the natural landscapes and ecosystem functioning regimes. Therefore, it is required a very long period to rebuild disturbed functions without reclamation works at the disturbed areas. To restore damaged ecosystems it is necessary to restore the soil, because soil is the basis of any terrestrial ecosystem. Currently tendency to partially restoring economic and environmental damage caused by disturbance of the natural soil takes a place at the practical reclamation. When developing remediation methods it is necessary to provide such range of processing methods, which allows generating soil-like substrates, which have properties as much as possible close to the properties of the undisturbed soil. Soil restoring with creating soil-like substrates must be a general aim of the reclamation. Technogenic landscapes will forever save the technogenic specificity of their functioning. And these landscapes will negatively impact on ecological situation in region for a long time.