How Does the Worksheet Mediate Problem-Solving in Small Groups?

The Role of the Distribution Method

Abstract

In this article we examined how the use of a worksheet mediated problem-solving in small groups by conducting a qualitative comparison of the process in two groups that were each provided with worksheets in a different context: single distribution (one worksheet for the group), or individual distribution (one worksheet for each learner). In the single distribution group, all the students simultaneously confirmed and shared their understanding and they paid joint attention or pointed to external representations on the worksheet together. Thus, it was suggested that the worksheet in the single distribution group mediated the construction and sharing of group understanding through discussion. However, because not all the students externalized their ideas on the worksheet, role assignment of externalization occurred. On the other hand, in the individual distribution group, all the members externalized their own ideas or understanding on their own worksheets. Moreover, they also took ideas from other sources and integrated these into their worksheets and elaborated on their own understanding. Thus, it was suggested that the worksheet in the individual distribution group mediated students’ own understanding through interaction.