Preparations for the 1964 Games transformed Tokyo into a city of continuously grade-separated highways, beginning with the Shuto （Tokyo Metropolitan） Expressway Inner Circular Route and Ring Road No.7, and they linked Tokyo to Kansai via the high-speed Shinkansen “bullet train.” <br>The 2012 London Olympics off ered important lessons in inclusiveness. On that occasion the cityʼs redevelopment projects focused on the East End, known for its high concentration of immigrants and low-income households. <br>In like fashion, the 2020 Olympics should be approached as an opportunity to present the world with a new urban model for the twenty-first century. The focus this time should be on sports, culture, urban parks, and waterside amenities-all vital components of a twenty－first-century city serving a mature society.
