近世越後漁村にみられる他所稼ぎ

─新潟県西蒲原郡旧角田浜村の事例分析─

抄録

　This paper examines the characteristics of the “tasho-kasegi” type of labor migration and the social and economic structure of the villages that were its background, based on the case study of a fishing village named Kakuda-hama in Echigo.
　In the early modern era, there was a trend of regarding “tasho-kasegi” as similar to desertion of a village. However, in this study, it was observed that “tasho-kasegi” in Kakuda-hama was labor migration to remote places targeting male villagers as carpenters and timbermen, and that this kind of labor migration involved not only indirect descendent type of family members （e.g. second or third sons, brothers, includes） but also direct descendent, i.e. heads of households and eldest sons who should be considered legitimate family. It was also confirmed that between 1844 and 1872 migrant labors from this village left under the assumption of returning home at some point. It was also found that there were migrant workers that showed high retention rates in their migrant destinations in the period between 1817 and 1837. “Tasho-kasegi” in Kakuda-hama was not cut off from their mother village. Just like the labor migration that can be found in modern society, the mother village, the migrant destinations and the migrant laborers all had lenient relationships between themselves.