Advanced new ceramic materials are expected to be available for use as new energy and information materials, on which devices for solving energy and information problems will be based. The properties of these new materials will be strongly dependent on the atomic arrangements, the direct atomic analysis of which will have been contributed to by HREM. In addition to such direct atomic observation, information from such methods as nano-electron diffraction, electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and electron holography has being combined recently by progress with the electron gun. It will soon be possible to clarify atomic arrangement, composition, electronic state and magnetic structure of the nano-regions in these advanced materials.