Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets with a thickness of less than 1 nm and lateral dimensions up to a few μm are the thinnest self-standing 2D nanostructures; they are just about one unit cell thick. Research in 2D systems has recently intensified as a result of the emerging progress in graphene—a carbon nanosheet, as well as the successful exfoliation of transition-metal oxide nanosheets. Such exotic 2D nanosheets have been emerging as important new nanomaterials owing to their unique physical properties. Here, we present structures and properties of 2D oxide nanosheets, highlighting emerging functionalities in electronic applications.