The features of the high resolution STEM are discussed, and the advantages of the STEM over the CTEM are considered. Contamination problems in the STEM are discussed. The resolution of the STEM and visibility of single heavy atoms are considered. Images of platinum atoms are used to demonstrate the microscope's various output signals. Various STEM techniques and their application to biological macromolecules are shown. Particular attention is directed to STEM low dose imaging, unstained observation, optimal sampling, and digital image processing techniques.