The anomalous X-ray scattering method has recently received much attention for obtaining the fine structure of disordered materials, coupled with the synchrotron radiation source. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of the AXS method for determining the local environmental structure around a specific element as a function of distance, by providing fundamentals with some selected examples of high temperature CuBr liquid, 70GeO230Bi2O3 oxide glass and Zr-Y-Al-Ni metallic glasses.