ペルーにおける地域較差と労働力移動

ペルー地域分析の導入として

抄録

One of the most striking aspects of the movement of population in Peru is the migration from Andes highland the “Sierra” to the coastal region.
In the Sierra of Central Andes of Peru, there are many indian peoples, living on self-sufficient agriculture. The great number of them moves to the coastal region.
The traditional safety value for the surplus population of the Sierra has been the irrigated oasis of the desert coast. But in few decades migration from the Sierra has far exceeded the absorptive capacity of the coastal plantation, and has been directed increasingly toward the coastal cities particularly Lima, capital of this country.
Major concentrations of the population occur around Lima city. They come from the whole country not only from Andes highland, but also from the coastal region. The slums that ring the capital city are conclusive evidence that the urban habitant is incapable of accommodating the surplus population.
The altitudinal point of view, the surplus population at the elevation higher than 2, 500 m moves to the coastal region lower than 1, 500 m, but yet population of highland are increasing slowly.
The smaller though significant, movement has been taking place from the Sierra to the upper tropical Amazonas region, “Selva” lower than 1, 500 m. The main concentrating region of population are Lima, Callas, other coastal cities (Trujillo, Chiclays, Chimbote, Arequipa) and small cities in central region of Andes highland.
On the contrary, the main emigrating region are Andes highland and the most of the coastal cities. From the coastal cities, many people migrate to Lima, but from the Sierra near by, surplus population flow to these cities, and the population of these cities has been increasing.