The phylogeny and mode of evolution of a Liassic oyster Gryphaea have been studied by many European and American outstanding evolutionists since TRUEMAN's (1922) classical interpretation of its morphological change. For these fifty years many useful ideas and methods in the study of morphogenesis, biometry, autoecology and functional morphology were introduced into paleontology through this material. In this report some of these works are reviewed and evaluated, and what is suggested to general evolutionary paleontology is considered.