2022 年 35 巻 1 号 p. 71-81
This study examined changes in COVID-19 preventive behaviors, including social distancing and hand washing behaviors and related cognitive variables derived from the protection motivation theory and the focus theory of normative conduct. We examined the relationships between preventive behaviors and cognitive variables. We conducted eight panel surveys among Tokyo residents via the internet, each targeting approximately 1,000 people between April-May 2020 and January 2021. The panel survey data indicated that social distancing behaviors decreased immediately after the first state of emergency has been lifted compared to during the emergency period. Moreover, there was no increase in social distancing behaviors during the second emergency period. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that injunctive norms were associated with the social distancing behaviors at all assessment time points. Furthermore, the effect of risk perception was not large. We have discussed the relationship between emergency declarations and behavioral changes.
