Ionization efficiency of a spherical ionization chamber with a volume of 1.26 liters for the determination of radioactivity concentration of tritium-protium gas was calculated by Monte Carlo method. The calculated value of the ionization efficiency agreed with the experimental one determined by a method in which tritium-protium gas was converted to tritiated water by low-pressure explosion method and the radioactivity of the tritiated water was measured by a liquid scintillation counter calibrated with a reference source.