科学史研究
Online ISSN : 2435-0524
Print ISSN : 2188-7535
バースカラ一世の渾天儀について
呂 鵬
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ジャーナル フリー

2015 年 54 巻 274 号 p. 23-

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There are two types of astronomical instruments called gola in the ancient Indian astronomical texts. They are both used to demonstrate the movement of the heavenly bodies on the celestial sphere which is also called gola. One of them is roughly equivalent to the celestial globe which was for the first time described by Aryabhata (born 476) in his work Aryabhatiya. The other is the armillary sphere type which appeared in the works of Brahmagupta (628), Lalla (about 8^<th> century), Bhaskara II (12^<th> century), and so on. We find that Bhaskara I, in his commentary (629) on the gola chapter of the Aryabhatiya, also left a detailed description of gola which meant the armillary sphere. At the beginning of his commentary, Bhaskara says since this instrument would be useful in explaining Aryabhata's words on the spherics (gola), he would give the method of constructing and setting the armillary sphere. In this paper, we have followed the text of Bhaskara's commentary as given in the critical edition by K. S. Shukla (1976), explained the procedure of construction using the figures, and interpreted how to set it in the different places according to their latitudes. According to the interpretation, it is possible to reconstruct Bhaskara's armillary sphere. Finally we have shown the role of the armillary sphere played in the astronomical texts. As Bhaskara emphasizes, it is not the real entity but just a good expedient model (upaya).

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