日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
眼振方向優位性に関する実験的研究
竹山 勇
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ジャーナル フリー

1960 年 63 巻 2 号 p. 268-285

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In purpose to study the central mechanism of nystagmus, the author destroyed the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and brain-stem separately. or combinedly in rabbits.
Observations of results were mainly directed on the spontaneous nystagmus and directional preponderance. The author designated as directional preponderance (DP) when nystagmus elicited easily to one side without spontaneous nystagmus. When the nystagmus to one side was predoni-nantly seen after the spontaneous nystagmus, it was designated similarly as DP. As a method to evaluate DP, the caloric test, alternate hot and cold test (10°C 10cc: 55°C 20cc) was used. The localization of the injury was confirmed by histological examination.
The results obtained were summerized as follows:
1) As the responsible site for the vestibular DP, temporal area in the cerebrum, medulla of cerebellar hemisphere, paraflocculus, cerebellar nuclei in the cerebellum were observed. When the unilateral vestibular nuclei was destructed, DP to the operated side or to the sound side were obs-erved. By histological examination of the former case, a slight injury, in the latter case, a diffuse destruction of Deiter's nuclei were shown.
2) By cutting the brachium pontis, DP to the non-operated side was observed. It may be said that the cortico-ponto-cerebellar tract is regarded as the most important pathway in the nystagmus controlling circuit.
3) In the nystagmus controlling circuits, the pathway, for example, left cerebral cortex (temporal area)→right brachium pontis→right cerebellar cortex→medulla of cerebellar hemisphere, parafloccu-lus→right nucl. dentatus→right old cerebellar nuclei→left vestibular nuclei was considerd as the most important circuit. And when the inhibition of the higher centers to the lower centers in this circuit were checked, the DP may be elicited as the results of the unbalance in the bilatelar vestibular system.
4) There were four types in the DP phenomenon. In Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, the duration of nystagmus to one side was prolonged, in Type 4 the duration of nystagmus to one side was dimi-nished, and the duration to another side was prolonged.
5) The DP is more markedly influeuced by the cerebellum rather than by the cerebrum.

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