A Case of Actinomycosis of the Paranasal Sinus Complicated with a Fungal Infection

Abstract

Actinomycosis is an inflammatory disease caused primarily by the genus Actinomyces which is comprised of Gram-positive, anaerobic, non-acid fast rod bacteria. About 40%–60% of actinomycosis cases occur in the head and neck region. However, actinomycosis is rarely reported in the nose and sinuses. We encountered a rare case of actinomycosis in the maxillary sinus complicated with a fungal infection. A 31-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of nasal discharge. The clinical diagnosis was fungal maxillary sinusitis. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed under general anesthesia. A histopathological examination revealed the presence of Actinomyces and fungi. The postoperative course has been uneventful as of 9 months after the operation.