Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are next-generation photovoltaics. The industrialization of low-cost photovoltaics will be achieved by employing OPVs as polymer materials fabricated without a vacuum process roll-to-roll (R2R) process because of the low running cost and high throughput of the R2R process. Recently, some estimates for the manufacturing cost of OPVs have been reported. However, most of the reports predicted a high cost. We estimated the cost of fabricating a newly designed low-cost module by an all-wet process. In addition, we discovered a technical problem regarding the industrialization of OPVs.
