Coal liquef action can be classif ied into two important steps;the f irst step is thermal decomposition of linking parts of coal structure units and subsequent stabil-ization of reactive f ragments by hydrogen donor solvents, and the second step is hydro-cracking of so called asphaltene structures.Theref ore, the yield and properties of coal oils depend largely on the reaction conditions, catalyst and f eed coal.The product distribution, analytical results and individual components of coal oils by several developing processes, that is, SRC-I, SRC-II, EDS, H-Coal and Synthoil, are briefly reviewed to clarif y the feature of reaction products.Naphtha f raction can be used as the high octane gasoline as well as the petrochemical f eedstocks after hydrotreatment and catalytic ref orming.Middle and heavy distillate f ractions are difficult to convert to ketosine or diesel f uel oil because of higher aromaticity and heteroatom contents, but can be used as f uel oil.