These days, urban planning in Japan has been influenced by that of Europe. Therefore, only structures of inner city tend to be emphasized, ignoring Japanese traditional planning which considers relations between hamlet and natural features in general. In this study, we analyzed spatial and scenic relations between hamlet and mountain that has social relations to the hamlet such as belief, through the survey executed in Murayama Basin in 2001-2002. As a result, we categorized them into 5 types according to characteristics of the mountain; 1) castle hill type, 2) independent type, 3) backward mountain type, 4) forward mountain type, and 5) edge mountain type, in which the hamlet is placed on the most ideal viewpoint to see the mountain. In addition, it is clarified that the relations are build with various methods according to various natural features. Furthermore we could classify the methods into 4 patterns; 1) pattern of operating distance, 2) pattern of cutting off, 3) pattern of operating view direction, and 4) pattern of covering small hill. These findings are summarized that the relations are based on not only spatial relation but the landscape from the hamlet.
