三好学による用語「景観」の意味および導入意図

抄録

Manabu Miyoshi (1861-1939), one of the pioneers of plant biology in Japan, is also known as the inventor of the term "Keikan" which is well used nowadays among various scientific fields--geography, ecology, landscape design, etc. However, we're not sure what he meant by "Keikan" except a topic that he translated German term "Landschaft" to "Keikan", just as a comment by a famous geographer Taro Tsujimura.We need the correct knowledge about the original meanings of "Keikan" for transdisciplinary discussions on this ambiguous term "Keikan". The objectives of this paper is to make clear the meaning of the term "Keikan" by Miyoshi through analyses of the original texts by Miyoshi himself. As the result, following points were revealed. 1. "Keikan" was neither a translation of "Landschaft" nor other single term in Western word. 2. "Keikan" had both meanings of "Vegetations" and "Ansichten" in German. 3. "Keikan" was used for describing some environments with scientific observation and aesthetic admiration under an influence of physiognomic way of thinking by Alexander von Humboldt. 4. Miyoshi's concern for "Keikan" led him to the action for protection of natural monuments in Japan. 5. "Keikan" was first used in 1902 by Miyoshi, and also was introduced as general word by public education soon.