非行少年の社会的予後に関する研究

抄録

In order to classify psychologically the delinquent juveniles, it is in general necessary to find away to reform them according to their personality. First, we started to study, what kind of them can be easily reformed. For this purpose, we have followed up 200 juveniles, who were confined in Yokohama Juvenile Classification Office for their delinquency. There they were subject to various investigations and psychological diagnosis. For these juveniles, we have followed up their behavior after they returned home.
Having studied their prognoses statistically for some period (Table 1), and taking the percentage of those who remained non-delinquent for that period (Fig. 1), we could establish that, one year would be sufficient to distinguish approximately those who can be reformed fromed from those who are very difficult to be reformed. On this basis of 1 year prognoses, we have grouped 200 subjects into three classes (reformed + (+), unreformed -(-), and undetermined ± (±),?). By comparing the results of investigations and psychological diagnosis found for the three classes reffered to above, we could find various factors which have influence upon the prognoses.
PART 1
First, we found the factors of the life history to have a great influences upon the prognoses. These factors are (1) first delinquency at low age (Table 2),(2) long time of delinquency (Table 3),(3) frequency of past confinement into juvenile classification office (Table 4) and reformatory (Table 5),(4) experience of playing gang at school (Table 6) aed of truancy (Table 7),(5) low education, especially neglection of formal schooling (Table 9), experience of leaving home (Table 10) and of wandering (Table 11),(7) experience of having used stimulant addicts (Table 12), and (8) frequent change of employment (Table 13).
These factors are not independent and are related to one another. For example, wandering can be considered to be the extreme case of leaving home. Above all, most of the factors mentioned above are closely related to the length of delinquent history (Table 15). Considering these points more in detail following conclusions have ben derived: (1) The seriousness of delinquent history which can be measured by the frequency of past confinement into juvenile classification office and reformatory, by the use of stimulant addicts, by the school misbehavior, and above all by the length of history of delinquency, is the dominant factor of making difficult the reformation of the delinquent juveniles.(2) Even the delinquent history is not long, the firsrst delinquency at low age seems to make the reformation difficult.(3) Leaving home incuding wandering is another useful scale to predict the diffculty of reformation.(4) Frequency of changing employment is also a scale of predicting the difficulty.(5) The high education makes to some extent the reformation easier.