意見文産出における内省を促す課題状況と説得スキーマ

抄録

This study was an attempt to investiga te why and how writers have reflections in writing opinion essays. This article focused on the processes of writers' examining, clarifying, and organizing knowledge in reflection. Previous studies had pointed out the importance of discourse knowledge in reflective writing. This study attempted to show the important role of task situation (i.e. relations between writers and readers, ideas they have, kind of text writers produce, content of the assertion) in reflection. In this experiment, Ss were assigned to one of three treatment groups (one writing with task situation, another writing without such situation but with the instruction to use discourse knowledge, and the control group) to examine effects of task situation and discourse knowledge. The major results were as follows: 1) Task situation activated persuasion schema which played a role as a perspective for writers to examine, to clarify and to organize knowledge in writing. 2) Given the instruction to use discourse knowledge without task situation, writers rarely organized knowledge coherently or held global reflective process.