聾児に関する研究

パーソナリティの硬さと錯視量について

抄録

Part I
This experiment has been done to compare the respective rigidity of personality of deaf and normal groups, each containing 13 children, average 11 years old. To measure rigidity, the degree of co-satiation was calculated. Subjects were told to draw a simple figure as cat (tortoise, rabbit) repeatedly till they became surfeited and gave up drawing it. Then they were told to draw the next figure till they become surfeited with it. This procedure was repeated. Each drawing time was measured. The degree of cosatiation of each subject was calculated on the next fomula:_??_ T_{1 (2, 3)} =time of drawing the first (second, third) figure. If T₂ is equal to T₁, the value becomes 0, showing that the satiation of the first activity has not influenced the second activity at all, and that the boundary between two psychical regions corresponding to two activities is very rigid. If T₂ (T₃) is 0, the value becomes 100, showing that co-satiation was 100%, and that the boundary between two regions is very weak. The result showed that the degree of co-satiation was 9.56 in deaf group and 34.69 in normal group, the difference being significant at 0.5 level. These figures show clearly that the deaf are more rigid in personality than the normal. Part II
It is said that the deaf see more keenly than the normal because they cannot hear. This experiment has been done to compare the respective degree of Muller-Lyer's illusion between deaf and normal groups. Fourty deaf children and 49 normal children were used. The result showed no significant difference between them. But the time required was very much shorter, and variability of the degree of illusion in each test was very much larger, in deaf group than in normal group. This fact seems to indicate that the behavior of the deaf is more crude than that of the normal children.