知的優秀児の特性に関する基礎研究 (第1報告)

発達的特徴について

抄録

The purpose of this study is to clearify the characteristics of gifted children by basic experimental methods.
The Japanese edition of WISC was administered to children in an elementary school in Tokyo, and those who have IQ higher than 130. were selected. They were 25 in number or 2.4 per cent to the total.
Twenty five children with normal intelligence were also selected to make a control group.
Questionnaires and tests were administered to the subjects. And a survey was done with to their parents and teachers.
The comparison was made in terms of characteristics listed below and the results were: 1) Gifted children showed superiority on items with asterisk.(****indicates that the difference between gifted and normal children is significant at 0.1 per cent level, ***1 per cent level, *20 per cent level.) 2) Normal children showed superiority on items with asterisk in parentheses.
1. Intellectual characteristics on WISC scores.
2. Characteristics in physical and motor development:
i) Physical development-height, weight, and girth of chest.
ii) Motor skill-grasping power (left hand, and right hand*), tapping speed (left hand (****) and right hand), and aiming***.
3. Characteristics in developmental history:
i) Weight at the birth***.
ii) Age of cutting the first tooth.
iii) Age of beginning of speech. iv) Age of beginning of walking.
v) Age of beginning of use of letter***
(reading and writing)
vi) Amount of letters learned in pre-school age*.(letters able to read and letters able to write)
4. Characteristics in interests, play and extracurricular activities:
i) Special lessons besides school***.
ii) Reading.(favorite books, number of books read per week)
iii) Play.
5. Characteristics in learning activity.
i) Study hours at home (per week)(*)
ii) Preference among school subjects.
iii) School attendance.
6. Characteristics in school grade.