スギヒラタケ摂取と急性脳症の関連についての一考察

抄録

A novel type of encephalopathy occurred in patients with chronic kidney diseases, which was associated with the ingestion of the Sugihiratake mushroom during the fall of 2004 in Japan. To elucidate the relationship between the encephalopathy and this mushroom intake, we attempted to investigate whether cyanide and thiocyanate are present in the Sugihiratake samples and determined the cyanide and thiocyanate levels in fifteen samples collected from different Japanese districts using HPLC with fluorometric detection. The cyanide ions and thiocyanate ions were detected in the ranges of N.D.-114.0μg/g and N.D.-17.0 μg/g in the samples, respectively. This result demonstrated that cyanide exposure could occur from the intake of Sugihiratake mushrooms in one's diet. Furthermore, we discussed the possible association between cyanide and the onset of encephalopathy. In addition, we conducted a multivariate analysis of metabolites in 'Probably Toxic' sugihiratake collected from the area of encephalopathy outbreaks, and 'Probably Safe' sugihiratake collected from unaffected areas using UPLC/ToF MS. The results indicated that the presence of milligram quantities of vitamin D-like compounds per 10 grams of dried sugihiratake from the areas of encephalopathy outbreaks. The hypotheses to induce the encephalopathy in terms of vitamin D-like compounds are proposed.