脳神経学的にみた子どもの言語障害

―文献からみた考察―

抄録

First, the development of the brain for language function was reviewed anatomically and physiologically. Second, a review of some neurological aspects was done about aphasia, minimal brain damage, infantile autism, psychomotor epilepsy, stuttering and mental retardation. These terms were summarized as follows.
Apasia indicates neurological conditions that significantly interfere with the learning of speech. Readig disability means the difficulty attaching sound and meaning to written words. Minimal brain damage shows the deficit of attension and perception as to language. The characteristic of infantile autism is minimal use of meaningful speech in spite of good intelligence. Psychomotor epilepsy shows frequent alternation of language function during the seizure. Stuttering means speech dysfluency. Mental retardation is chracterized by delayed and incomplete development of language function.
The brain of young child is a rapidly changing system. So the patterns of brain injury observed in children are often different from those observed in adults. That is why the evaluation of certain brain lesions in children must be considered from the point of“learning process”not“already organized function”.