家族の再生産戦略としての文化資本の相続

抄録

This study shows that women play an important role in the cultural reproductive process of the family. Using survey samples from Kobe, Japan, I explore how cultural capital is inherited from generation to generation by the family. Results are as follows. The level of cultural capital inherited during childhood is strongly correlated with the mother' s level of education rather than that of the father. In particular, cultural capital inherited during childhood tended to increase women's education level, and enables them to convert to the higher economic status of the families into which they marry. A significant class differential in cultural perceptions was also noted. Individuals with high social status evaluated various cultural activities according to a wide scale of prestige ratings, positively distinguishing high culture from popular culture. Those with lower social status discerned the same activities by a much narrower scale. Perception of cultural activities and the sense of distinction are culturally-based abilities. The effect intergenerational social mobility had on these abilities differed by gender. Men's cultural perception was determined by current occupational status, and not by family background. Upward social mobility proved to acculturate women to the same level as those from high social status backgrounds. However, women with downward social mobility did not lose their former sense of perception and distinction.