抄録
The aim of this study was to characterize the nuclear atypia of cells for oral cancer in order to establish its new diagnostic criterion from a data analysis point of views, 171 exfoliative normal oral epithelium cells (BEN) from nine cases and 290 exfoliative squamous cell carcinoma cells (MAL) from 15 cases were sampled and examined. After Feulgen staining the nuclear DNA were measured by an autoscanning microphotometer connected to a computer. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to these measurements. The analysis consisted of 1) analyzing the nuclear atypia of MAL from its varied aspects, 2) detecting MAL by using the linear discriminant analysis, and 3) establishing diagnostic criterion of the cases rather than the cells. The atypia scores of the cells were treated in each case and the malignancy score (MGD: the degree of deviation from the barycenter of the normal cases) was calculated and predicted based upon the mean score of one case and the score of the cell with the severest atypia of this case.
This method was applied to 24 new cases and the diagnostic results were evaluated 2/3 of the normal cases and 1/2 of the cases of mild dysplasia were evaluated benign, whereas 1/2 of the cases of severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ and 17/17 of invasive carcinoma were evaluated malignant. Satistical study was attempted on the relationship between the diagnostic results obtained by the present method and the following; 1) level of histological differentiation and 2) clinical course. When MGD values of squamous cell carcinoma cases were compared with the calssification of Broders, Broders I group showed a tendency of having a lower value than those of groups II, I, and IV. As for the clinical course of invasive carcinoma cases, a comparison was made of the MGD values of the surviving satisfactory group showing neither recurrence nor metastasis during the follow-up period of more than two years and of those of the unsatisfactory group which died of tumor. The results of this comparison showed that the MGD values of the unsatisfactory group had a tendti to have a higher value than that of the satisfactory group. This approach of cytoanalysis was useful for the diagnosis and the prognostic estimation of oral cancer.
