Stress analysis of tooth root and alveolar bone in tooth extraction

2. Lower and upper first molars

Abstract

Mechanical analysis of the tooth root and the alveolar socket under extraction force is important in searching a more effective and safer method of extraction, and also in preventing fractures of the tooth root and the alveolar process and other accidents. Therefore, a study was made of the mechanical behavior of the tooth and the alveolar socket under various loadings, following the finite element method, which is a numerical analysis processed by computer. Two-dimensional numerical model of the lower first molar and the upper first molar were developed, and the models were loaded with cantilever and wedge forces with an elevator and forceps force. Especially, the depth of the inserted elevator, direction of insertion, and blade angle were changed to investigate the effects of extraction force with the elevator. As a result, mechanical behavior of the tooth root and the alveolar socket under loading was clearly shown, and conventional methods of tooth extraction were supported from the viewpoints of the stress analysis.