Ultra-high-strength poly-L-lactide (PLLA) rods were fabricated using a drawing technique. This osteosynthesis system consisted of a bioabsorbable PLLA miniplate and screws that were developed and used clinically in our department over the past five years. Forty-six patients were treated using this PLLA osteosynthesis system. Postoperative infection developed in two patients, but both were controlled by oral antibiotic administration or plate removal. There were no other complications. Bone healing in all cases was satisfactory, without delay of bone union or obvious displacement after surgery. The results of this clinical study suggests that this PLLA bone miniplate and screw system may be used for internal fixation in oral and maxillofacial surgery.