Many bone substitutes have been used for oral and maxillofacial surgery. Use of the best material for the patient is critical to clinical success. In this study, osteoblastic cells established from the calvaria of newborn C57BL/6 mice were used to examine osteocompatibility in terms of cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and calcification with materials.
Bio-glass ‹BG›(SiO2, 46.1%; Na2O, 24.2%; CaO, 26.9%; P2O2, 2.6%), hydroxyapatite sintered at 1300°C‹HT›, 1100°C ‹MT›, and 900°C‹LT›, single crystal alumina ‹S-AL›, poly-crystal alumina ‹P-AL›, zirconia ‹ZrO2›, titanium ‹Ti›, titanium alloy ‹Ti-alloy›(Ti-6 AL-4V), and nickel-titanium alloy ‹TiNi›(50Ti-50Ni) were used for this study. A piece of petri dish was prepared as control for these materials. The total surface area(1cm2) and surface roughness(Rmax<3μm) of each material was the same.
Cell adhesion was examined by the centrifugal method. After centrifugation(1610g×20minloading), cell adhesion rates were calculated. Cell proliferation was quantified by the Lowrymethod as the amount of protein synthesized on each material. Cell calcification poten-tial was measured on the basis of alkaline phosphatase activity by means of the Bessey-Lowry method.
Cell adhesion was high on S-AL, P-AL, ZrO2, Ti, and Ti-alloy. Cell proliferation was high on BG, MT, and LT. Cell calcification potential was high on BG, MT, and LT. Our results indicate that compatibility at the cellular level is an important factor in the clinical application of dental implants and bone substitutes.
