社会体育指導者の指導行動とその規定要因に関する社会学的研究

抄録

Studies on sports leaders in community have increased recently, but very few studies have been conducted on the factors affecting their activities. So, the present paper attempts to clarify the realities of sports leaders' guidance action in community and the factors affecting the action from the sociological point of view. A survey was conducted to 357 male sports instructors recognized by Japan Amateur Sports Association. The questionnaire was distributed and collected by mail in June, 1976. The research here is based on the materials obtained from 266 subjects in order to clarify the realities of the guidance action, and 164 subjects to clarify the factors contributing to the action. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Sports instructors' guidance action is mainly to lead inhabitants practically in terms of some aspects of sports and this is not inconsistent with their idea as sports leaders. However, the problem lies in the fact that many of them coach the sport-groups on a high athletic level. 2. The sports instructors who assume their practical leadership more often have following characteristics, compared with those who do less. First, there are more unmarried persons; secondly, there are more teachers, self-managers of commerce or industry and men who are engaged in profession; thirdly, more leaders perform their guidance action voluntarily; fourthly, more leaders are reward-directed in terms of guidance and victory-directed toward sports; fifthly, more leaders are in contact with sport-groups and facilities; and sixthly, the athletic level of the sport-groups they guide is high. 3. It can be concluded that the main factors which affect sports instructors' practical leadership are "occupation" among social factors, "attitude toward guidance" and "sports consciousness" among subjective factors, and "sports-group", "sports-facility" and "athletic level of the sports-group" among environmental factors.