1990 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 41-52
In the present paper, we tried to apply managerial behavior theory to management of physical education and sports. The purpose of the investigation was to examine some dimensions determining managerial behavior of physical education manager and the relationship of situation characteristics surrounding managers to them. Further, this study also aimed at clarifying the effect of managerial behavior to the effectiveness. It was assumed that managerial behavior was divided into three categories as follows: (1) routine managemant is a facing behavior to maintain the present condition toward followers; (2) management for the innovations directed toward organizational development; (3) management for creating supportive organization by contacting with outside members of working group. Data were collected from 147 managers of physical education in lower secondary schools and high schools by questionnaires. Physical education managers were presented 43 items representing managerial behavior of managers in daily job accomplishment, and asked to rate the degree of doing them. The results were obtained by applications of factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. Main findings were summarized as follows: 1) Six factors (initiative of innovation with cooperation, supervision of job accomplishment, initiating structure, expressing agenda, consideration, influence on members rank higher than managers) were extracted as sub-dimension of managerial behavior. 2) The condition trait generally influencing three factors related to developmental managerial behavior was the autonomy of working groups composed of physical education teachers. 3) Managers in non-routine condition made efforts to build the network with higher rank,and did not supervise severely the attitude of followers to job. 4) Managers evaluated highly their aptitude as leaders in working group for physical education by themselves displayed "initiating structure" and "consideration." However, with the exception "influence on members rank higher than managers," all factors contributed toward the aptitude as leaders in the organization of management for physical education.