記憶に於ける「複合の廣さ」と「固執」との關係について
1937 年 12 巻 2 号 p. 13-32
詳細
1937 年 12 巻 2 号 p. 13-32
Recently J. L. King finds the negative correlation between complex-width (Komplexbreite) and perseveration, and interprets his result by Lindworsky's resonance theory. The same problem is taken up in this paper in somewhat different ways; complex-width in memory is tested by nonesense words presented not only to sight (as in King's case) but to ear also. Further tests of cancellation and association are applied to 13 subjects of a normal school students in order to see complex relations among complex-width, perseveration and association by the factor-analysis technique. The main results obtained here are as follows:
1) As far as the present study concerns I comfirmm that there are individual differences in complex-width in auditory as well as visual field, and the correlation between learning ability of nonesense words and complex-width is negative (-.26) when the stimulus visual, and positive (+. 72) when it is auditory. This difference seemingly depends on the difference of experimental conditions and that of the attitudes of persons tested.
2) By both the motor perseveration-test and cancellation-test the individual differences of the intensity of perseveration are determined, although the experimental conditions in this case are neither perfect, nor the results of tests are always regular.
3) According to the results of the factor-analysis, perseveration and complexwidth stand on the opposite directions with various factor-loadings. Thus Lindworsky's resonance theory seems to be justified to explain some psychophysical phenomena by assuming some different properties of the psychophysical medium. But there remains yet the question about the charactor of the proper vibration of the vibrators.
4) The number of the response words in a definite time depends both on the perseveration as inertia of mental activity and on the intensity of association. But these two factors seem to be independent and rather on the opposite directions.
5) The factor of complex-width is in negative relation with perseveration and at the same time is independent of the intensity of association. Thus complexwidth, perseveration and association seem to be independent factors of each other.
