対人的認知構造の研究 (III)

対人的態度の社会的共感性

抄録

The purpose of this study was to make clear determinants of social empathy and characteristics of interpersonal cognitive structure, by considering the relationship between the direction of interpersonal attitudes and the social empathy as a function of the sociometric status, as well as its similarity, of the perceiver and the subject perceived. Main results are as follows:
(1) The social empathy in the interpersonal attitudes is a function of the direction of interpersonal attitudes.
(2) The social empathy is a function of the sociometric status of the perceiver, in the sense that high-status members are more accurate than low-status members in predicting the positive feelings they receive, while low-status members are more accurate in predicting the negative feelings they receive.
(3) The social empathy is a function of the sociometric status of the subject perceived, in the sense that positive feelings of high-status members are more accurately predicted than those are of low-status members, while negative feelings are more accurately predicted when they are of low-status members.
(4) The social empathy is a function of the similarity in sociometric status between the perceiver and the subject perceived, in the sense that high-status members are more accurate in predicting the positive feelings they receive from highstatus members than those they receive from low-status members, and that low-status members are more accurate in predicting the negative feeling they received from low-status members than those they receive from high-status members.
(5) The social empathy is a function of the direction of the interpersonal attitudes, in the sense that high-status members exceed low-status members in the direction of the positive attitude, while low-status members exceed high-status members in the direction of the negative attitude.
(6) The directional dynamics of the interpersonal cognitive structure vary according to differences in the sociometric status of guesser or guessee. That is to say, the interpersonal cognitive structure toward, or, of the high-status members holds more positive directional dynamics on the one hand, and that toward, or, of the low-status members holds more negative directional dynamics on the other.
(7) These directional dynamics in the interpersonal cognitive structure toward guessee or of guesser determine the social empathy in the interpersonal attitudes. These are formed in the course of the differentiation of members status through interpersonal contacts.