中心的-偶発的想起量についての実行者と観察者間の比較

年齢及び言語的強化の効果の検討

抄録

Each of 40 pairs of second, fourth, and sixth graders participated (as performers and observers) in a central-incidental recall task. Half of the performers were as-signed to a verbal reinforcement (R) condition, and the remaining half of the performers were not (NR condition). The effect of performer's performance on the observer was minimized by the reexposure of the task. The central recall scores of observers and performers improved with age, and observers remembered the correct responses as well as performers. Vicarious reinforcement had a significant effect on the central score only at the second grade level. Comparisons revealed no significant differences among grade levels in the R-NR condition and P-O conditions on the incidental score. The proportions of the subjects who had more central recall than incidental recall improved with age.