混雑感に及ぼす他者の行動予測性の効果

コンピュータ・シミュレーションによる

抄録

In the present study, effects of predictability of others' behavior on crowding was analyzed in a computer simulated situation. On the CRT screen, simulated movements of a fluid crowd were displayed. In one situation members of the simulated crowd moved randomly (unpredictable condition), in another their movements were regulated in a systematic way (predictable condition), In this experiment the subject was allowed to manipulate the movement of only one member of the crowd who corresponds to the subject himself and through such procedure the subject was expected to find himself in crowd-like situation. Feelings of crowding were measured by a Semantic Differential type questionnaires with 14 adjective pairs. Using factor analysis, two main factors were found operating. The first was the crowding factor and the second the evaluation factor. By the analysis of variance of the first (crowding) factor scores, predictability of others' behavior was proved to be a significant determinant of crowding.