By a newly devised double-canule method, menorrhagic and metrorrhagic bloods were collected directly from the uterine cavity and the morphological characteristics of cellular elements were described in detail in cases of eumenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, incomplete abortion, incomplete separation of placenta, ectopic pregnancy, hydatidiform mole, malignant chorionepithelioma and endo metrial carcinoma. The results obtained have led the author to the conclusion that the cytological diagnosis of uterine malignancies was more difficult than the histological one beeause a great variety of atypical cells, which were difficult to discern from true-malignant cells, was found frequently in menorrhagic and metrorrhagic bloods of patients without malignancy (Author's abstract).