Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science
Online ISSN : 1880-358X
Print ISSN : 0013-7626
ISSN-L : 0013-7626
Studies on the Flower Color of Cymbidium
I. Properties of Anthocyanins in the Flowers
Akira SUGIYAMAMasako KINOSHITAShunji KAKOHajime OHNOKohei SAKAKIBARA
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1977 Volume 46 Issue 1 Pages 72-80

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Abstract

Two anthocyanins have been isolated from various species and hybrids of Cymbidium by the authors.
To characterize these anthocyanins, an attempt has been made in which the properties of acid hydrolysates and absorption spectra of pigments in brown red flowers of Cymbidium Sazanami var. Haruno-umi were examined.
Two pigments (U and L) were chromatographically and paperelectrophoretically separated and isolated from the 1% MeOH-HCl extracts of petals and sepals. L, one of them, was identified as cyanidin 3-glucoside (chrysanthemin) and the other as a derivative of it.
No cinnamic acid was identified which could correspond with the properties of their coincident absorption maximum of acyl peak, (λmax=300-340nm).
Due to the ratio of E440/Emax it was demonstrated that the two pigments were chrysanthemin derivatives, and by the enzymic analysis, that their sugar residues were composed of glucose only.
In conclusion, L is cyanidin 3-glucoside (chrysanthemin), and U must be cyanidin 3-diglucoside.
A new calculation method for anthocyanin content has been compared with the usual method.
In the former the extracts with NaCl saturated water were used to draw a calculation curve, while in the latter ones extracts with 1% MeOH-HCl were used.
The new method was suitable for calculation of anthocyanin content, because extraction was easier and of higher quality than for the usual one. Further, by using the new method flower colors may be corresponded with the spectra of their extracts.

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