In this paper, the angular deflection between the grinding wheel and the workpiece caused by grinding force in surface grinding is investigated, including the measurements of the angular deflection characteristics of the main constitutionalelements of the machine. Furthermore, in traverse grinding, the behaviors of theangularity of profile of ground surface and the one-side wear of wheel peripheryin axial direction are experimentally investigated. The following results are obtained. (1) Grinding wheel spindle system is the least rigid element to have effect on the relative angular deflection between the wheel and the workpiece. (2) In case of grinding with crossfeed over wheel width, the more the depth of cut increases, the more the angularity of profile increases beyond the angular deflection of the wheel side, and the generation of one-side wear of the wheel periphery in axial direction can be observed. (3) In case of the crossfeed less than wheel width, the one-side wear and the generation of grinding burn depend upon thecrossfeed direction, that is, in crossfeed forward the above phenomena are more remarkable than in crossfeed backward.