It is important to make clear how the shape of tooth profile error affect to the rotational vibration of a pair of spur gears. The effect of the amplitude and the shape of tooth profile error to the amplitude of the vibration is discussed in this paper. The vibration system which is discussed here is consist of the spring action of meshing teeth and the moment of inertia of the gear blanks of a pair of gears and the tooth profile errors. The amplitude-rotational speed characteristics of vibration system are numerically obtained with the finite difference method. The vibration waveform of each test gear is measured by the gears meshing tester which is specially made for this purpose. It is found that the vibration bahavior of gears obtained by the numerical calculation agrees with experimental results. The formulas which express the relations between the main resonance component of the amplitude-rotationl speed characteristics and the each component of harmonic analysis of tooth profile errors are induced.