Background. Primary tracheal schwannoma originating in the trachea is a rare tumor. Here, we report a case of primary tracheal schwannoma resected using bronchoscopy and high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV). Case. A 36-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with sudden dyspnea. A chest computed tomography examination showed left pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and a lower tracheal intraluminal tumor about 3cm in diameter. Thoracic drainage was performed, and a subsequent bronchoscopic examination showed an intraluminal polypoid tumor obstructing the right main bronchus. The tumor had a glossy and patterned indented surface. No tracheal or bronchial injury was proven, and the pneumothorax improved immediately. Nine days after the first visit, bronchoscopic resection was performed using a high-frequency electrosurgical snare under general anesthesia combined with HFJV. Pathological examination revealed a primary tracheal Antoni A-type schwannoma. After resection, bronchoscopic examinations and biopsies with submucosal injection were performed twice. The second examination showed no residual tumor. Conclusion. In the present case, bronchoscopic high-frequency electrosurgical snare resection using HFJV was useful in treating a large primary tracheal schwannoma.
