2016 Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 405-409
Background. Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) and EBV-associated T- or NK-cell lymphoproliferative diseases are rare, especially cases with pulmonary lesions. Case. A 37-year-old woman presenting with fever, neck lymphadenopathies, and elevated liver enzymes was preliminarily diagnosed with CAEBV based on elevated quantities of EBV in peripheral blood. She was admitted to our hospital because of cough, shortness of breath, and respiratory failure. Chest CT showed diffuse ground-glass opacities. Increased numbers of CD4-positive T-cells and increased quantities of EBV DNA were found in bronchoalveolar lavage. We diagnosed EBV-associated T-cell lymphoproliferative disease (EBV+T LPD) based on the neoplastic proliferation of EBV-infected T-cells in peripheral blood. We concluded that the patient's pulmonary lesion was caused by the EBV+T LPD. Conclusion. Bronchoscopy was useful for diagnosing a pulmonary lesion caused by EBV+T LPD.
