Risk Factors for Esophagojejunal Anastomotic Leakage in Gastric Cancer Patients after Total Gastrectomy

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Background: Leakage at the esophagojejunal anastomosis site is an important postoperative complication of total gastrectomy. We analyzed our surgical cases to determine the risk factors for esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage.

Methods: This study included 309 patients who underwent total gastrectomy and esophagojejunal anastomosis. The onset of esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage according to age, gender, performance status, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, body mass index, presence or absence of diabetes, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, histological type, presence or absence of esophageal infiltration, operative duration, amount of blood loss, experience of blood transfusion, procedural approach, and the prognostic nutritional index was analyzed.

Results: Univariate analyses revealed a significant difference in the rate of esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage due to advanced age, male gender, the presence of diabetes, the presence of esophageal infiltration, and blood loss ≥1100 g. In the multivariate analysis, which included factors identified in the univariate analyses, advanced age, male gender, the presence of diabetes, and blood loss ≥1100 g were identified as independent risk factors for esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage.

Conclusions: Advanced age (≥68 years), male gender, diabetes, and massive blood loss are risk factors for esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage.