鋳型解剖法による中大脳動脈皮質枝の形態学的研究

主要皮質枝の測定について

抄録

A macroscopic study of the cortical branches of the middle cerebral arteries wasperformed in five Japanese cadavers.The diameter, length, and branching-angle weremeasured in 1290branches of ten hemispheres.Waddington's nomenclature (1974) was used for the cortical branchesof the middle cerebral artery.When it was not applicable exactly, the arterial diameters weretaken into consideration in naming.
The results are as follows
1) The following relationships are observed among the branches of the middle cerebral artery [MCA]
i) The orbitofrontal artery [Or FA] arises from the operculofrontal artery or the MCA in75% of the cases examined.
ii) The operculofrontal artery [Op FA] arises from the central sulcus artery or the angularartery in 75%.
iii) The central sulcus artery [CSA] arises from the posterior parietal artery or the angularartery in 71.4%.
iv) The posterior parietal artery [PPA] arises from the angular artery in 91.7%.
v) The temporal artery [TA] has five cortical branches.Of these branches, four arise fromthe angular artery.They are named the recurrent temporal artery [RTA], the posterior temporalartery [PTA], the anterior branch of posterior temporal artery [APTA], and the posterior branchof posterior temporalartery [PPTA].The remaining one branch, the anterior temporal artery [ATA], arises either from the ANA or from the MCA.
2) Of the 1290 branches of the MCA, ninety-two (7.1%) were recurrent branches.They presentedthe following patterns of running
i) Of the ninety-two branches, fifty-seven (62.0%) arise from the three main branches, the ATA, the RTA, and the Or FA.They were divided intotwenty-seven (47.4%) arising from the ATA, five (8.8%) from the RTA, and twenty-five (43.8%) from the Or FA.
ii) Of the fifty-seven recurrent branches, twenty (35.1%) arise from the begining of the ATA, the RTA, and the Or FA.They were 21.7% of the total recurrent branches.
iii) The ATA has 128 peripheral branches of which twenty-seven (21.1%) were recurrent.The RTA has 23 peripheral branches of which five (21.7%) were recurrent.The Or FA has 134peripheral branches of which twenty-five (18.7%) were recurrent.
iv) The closer a recurrent branch was to the origin of the MCA, the greater the branchingangleformed by this branch.
v) When the whelelength of the MCA (under 240mm) was divided into 50-mm sections fromits' origin fifty-two branches (56.5%) of the 92 were in the first section, twenty-seven (29.4%) in the second section, twelve (13.0%) in the third section.